Dengue cases of pakistan

 76,210 dengue cases and 136 fatalities are recorded in Pakistan per year.

Overview of the situation

 

A total of 25 932 confirmed dengue cases and 62 deaths (CFR 0.25%) were reported in Pakistan between 1 January and 27 September 2022, with 74% of these cases occurring in September alone. Unprecedented flooding that started in the middle of June 2022 was followed by the recent spike in cases. There is a considerable danger of severe health effects from dengue fever and other concurrent disease epidemics given how the current flood catastrophe is hurting the capability of the national health system and the worsening humanitarian situation. Dengue fever can spread internationally due to the high population movement between Pakistan and its neighbouring nations, particularly Afghanistan and the Islamic Republic of Iran.

 

Pakistan has endemic dengue fever, transmitted yearly with seasonal peaks. However, the number of recorded dengue cases is much greater in 2022 (between January and September) as compared to the same period during the four previous years. This is due to the worst floods in the country's history, which started in mid-June.

 

According to the National Institute of Health-Islamabad, a total of 25 932 confirmed dengue cases and 62 fatalities have been reported nationally between 1 January and 27 September 2022. Seventy-four per cent (74%) of these occurrences were recorded only in September. The distribution of cases by province was known for 83% (n=21 777) of the total cases as of 22 September, with 32% (n=6888) of Sindh's reported cases, 29% (n=6255) of Punjab's reported cases, 25% (n=5506) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's reported cases, and 14% (n=3128) of Balochistan's cases.

 

Public health response

As part of integrated vector management, the Ministry of Health works with the Global Fund to carry out various vector surveillance and control initiatives, such as:

 

1. The Ministry of Health chairs weekly technical committee meetings.

2. The activation of "dengue counters"—designated sections in emergency rooms set aside for accepting suspected dengue cases—in all healthcare facilities.

3. Intensifying efforts to monitor vectors in Lahore and other districts

4. The provision of extra teams to assist with vector surveillance tasks, such as daily situation assessments.

 

The WHO is offering assistance, such as:

 

1. Organization of health authorities at numerous high-level gatherings, including visits and discussions with the WHO representative.

2. The country's provinces have begun to strengthen their illness surveillance programmes at hospitals and labs.

3. Training sessions on dengue fever case management are being held for a chosen group of medical professionals from every province in the nation.

4. There is ongoing training on vector surveillance, vector control, and source reduction during house visits.

5. Distribution of 230 000 rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for hepatitis A and E, malaria, acute watery diarrhoea, chikungunya, and dengue.

WHO( world health organization) advice

Although there is no specific cure for dengue illness, mortality is decreased with early detection and access to quality healthcare. Effective vector surveillance and control are also essential for dengue prevention and management.WHO advocates Integrated Vector Management (IVM), a tactical strategy for reducing mosquito activity and population, including Aedes species (the vector of dengue).To eliminate potential breeding places, lower vector populations, and reduce personal exposure, IVM actions should be improved. This should include methods for protecting individuals and homes, as well as tactics for controlling vector larvae and adults (such as environmental management, source reduction, and chemical control measures).

 

no particular therapy. It is advised to utilise mosquito coils, various pesticide vaporizers, domestic insecticide aerosol products, lotions or sprays on the skin to repel mosquitoes where indoor biting occurs. Bite rates can be decreased by using home furnishings like window and door screens and air conditioning. As day biters with peaks of activity at dawn and dusk, Aedes spp. mosquitoes—the main vector for transmission—personal protection measures such as wearing garments to reduce skin exposure are advised. Mosquito repellents can be applied to exposed skin or clothing while engaging in outdoor activities.